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Uzbekistan Facts & Figures
| Population Demographics |
Urban/rural distribution |
Population : 27. 6m
Population growth rate : 0.94%(2009 est.)
Projected population in 2025: 31.8m
Projected population in 2050 : 35m
Population density : 65 persons per sq km |
Share urban : 36%
Share rural : 64% |
Largest cities with population |
Ethnic groups |
Tashkent : 2.7m
Namangan : 388,300
Samarqand : 361,100
Andijon : 336,500
Bukhara : 238,800 |
Uzbek : 80%
Russian : 5.5%
Tajik : 5%<
Kazakh : 3%
Tatar : 1.5%
Qoraqalpogh : 2.5%
Others : 2.5% |
Languages |
Economy |
Uzbek (official) : 74.3%
Russian : 14.2%
Tajik : 4.4%
Others : 7.1%
Literacy rate : 99.2% |
Gross domestic product : USD 22.3 billion
GDP per capita : USD 900 |
GDP by economic sector |
Major trade partners for exports |
Agriculture, forestry, fishing : 23.3%
Industry : 31.1% |
Russia, Ukraine, Italy, Tajikistan, and South Korea |
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Uzbekistan At A Glance
Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 11% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of its population lives in densely populated rural communities. Uzbekistan is now the world's second-largest cotton exporter and fifth largest producer; it relies heavily on cotton production as the major source of export earnings. Other major export earners include gold, natural gas, and oil. Following independence in September 1991, the government sought to prop up its Soviet-style command economy with subsidies and tight controls on production and prices. While aware of the need to improve the investment climate, the government still sponsors measures that often increase, not decrease, its control over business decisions. A sharp increase in the inequality of income distribution has hurt the lower ranks of society since independence. In 2003, the government accepted Article VIII obligations under the IMF, providing for full currency convertibility.
Potential investment by Russia and China in Uzbekistan's gas and oil industry, as well as increased cooperation with South Korea in the realm of civil aviation, may boost growth prospects. In November 2005, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Uzbekistan President Karimov signed an "alliance," which included provisions for economic and business cooperation. Russian businesses have shown increased interest in Uzbekistan, especially in mining, telecom, and oil and gas. In 2006, Uzbekistan took steps to rejoin the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and the Eurasian Economic Community (EurASEC), which it subsequently left in 2008, both organizations dominated by Russia. Uzbek authorities have accused US and other foreign companies operating in Uzbekistan of violating Uzbek tax laws and have frozen their assets. |
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